„Spencer Tracy“, visiškai „ Spencer Bonaventure Tracy“ (g. 1900 m. Balandžio 5 d., Milvokis, Viskonsinas, JAV - mirė 1967 m. Birželio 10 d., Beverli Hilse, Kalifornija), šiurkščiaplaukė amerikiečių kino žvaigždė, kuri buvo viena didžiausių Holivudo vyrų ir pirmoji aktorius gaus du iš eilės „Akademijos“ apdovanojimus už geriausią aktorių.
Viktorina
Kino mokykla: faktas ar grožinė literatūra?
Kuriant filmus, raktas yra atsakingas už apšvietimą.
Kadangi jaunimas Tracy nuobodžiavo mokykliniais darbais ir, būdamas 17 metų, prisijungė prie JAV karinio jūrų laivyno. Nepaisant to, kad jis buvo nemalonus akademikams, jis ilgainiui tapo protingu studentu Viskonsino Ripono koledže. Būdamas ten, jis klausėsi ir laimėjo vaidmenį pradedančiame spektaklyje ir atrado, kad vaidina labiau nei jis mėgsta mediciną. 1922 m. Jis išvyko į Niujorką, kur kartu su draugu Patu O'Brienu įstojo į Amerikos dramos meno akademiją. Tais pačiais metais abu vyrai debiutavo Brodvėjuje, vaidindami mažuosius robotų vaidmenis Karel Čapek „RUR“. Ateinančius aštuonerius metus Tracy šoko tarp trumpametražių Brodvėjaus vaidinimų dalių ir pagrindinių vaidmenų regioninėse akcijų bendrovėse, pagaliau pasiekdama akistatą, kai jis buvo išrinktas kaip mirties bausmės kalinys Killer Mearsas 1930 m. Brodvėjuje pasirodęs „Paskutinė mylia“. Vėliau jis pasirodė dviejuose „Vitaphone“ dalykuose,tačiau jis buvo nepatenkintas savimi ir pesimistiškai vertino savo galimybes užsikrėsti ekranu.
Nevertheless, director John Ford hired Tracy to star in the 1930 feature film Up the River, which resulted in a five-year stay at Fox Studios in Hollywood. Although few of his Fox films were memorable—excepting perhaps Me and My Gal (1932), 20,000 Years in Sing Sing (1932), and The Power and the Glory (1933)—his tenure at the studio enabled him to develop his uncanny ability to act without ever appearing to be acting. His friend Humphrey Bogart once attempted to describe the elusive Tracy technique: “[You] don’t see the mechanism working, the wheels turning. He covers up. He never overacts or is hammy. He makes you believe what he is playing.” For his part, Tracy always denied that he had come up with any sort of magic formula. Whenever he was asked the secret of great acting, he usually snapped, “Learn your lines!”
In 1935 he was signed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, where he would do some of his best work, beginning with his harrowing performance as a lynch-mob survivor in Fritz Lang’s Fury (1936). He received his first of nine Oscar nominations for San Francisco (1936) and became the first actor to win two consecutive Academy Awards, for his performance as the Portuguese fisherman Manuel in Captains Courageous (1937) and for his role as the priest who founded the eponymous facility in Boys Town (1938). In the course of his two decades at MGM he settled gracefully into character leads, conveying everything from paternal bemusement in Father of the Bride (1950) to grim determination in Bad Day at Black Rock (1955). In later years his health was eroded by respiratory ailments and a lifelong struggle with alcoholism, but Tracy worked into the early 1960s, delivering exceptionally powerful performances in producer-director Stanley Kramer’s Inherit the Wind (1960) and Judgment at Nuremberg (1961).
Married since 1923 to former actress Louise Treadwell, Tracy lived apart from his wife throughout most of their marriage, though as a strict Roman Catholic he refused to consider divorce. From 1942 onward, he maintained a warm, intimate relationship with actress Katharine Hepburn. Tracy and Hepburn were also memorably teamed in nine films, including Woman of the Year (1942), Adam’s Rib (1949), Pat and Mike (1952), Desk Set (1957), and Kramer’s Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (1967), which was completed three weeks before Tracy’s death.
